Separate the video mode setting out from the console code into video.*,
and remove the framebuffer from the kernel args, moving it to the new
init args format.
A long overdue cleanup of the src/ tree.
- Moved src/drivers to src/user because it contains more than drivers
- Removed src/drivers/ahci because it's unused - will restore it when I
make a real AHCI driver
- Removed unused src/tools
- Moved kernel.ld (the only used file under src/arch) to src/kernel for
now, if/when there's a multi-platform effort that should be figured
out as part of it
- Removed the rest of the unused src/arch
- Renamed 'fb' to 'drv.uefi_fb' and 'nulldrv' to 'testapp'
The bootloader relied on the kernel to know which parts of memory to not
allocate over. For the future shift of having the init process load
other processes instead of the kernel, the bootloader needs a mechanism
to just hand the kernel a list of allocations. This is now done through
the new bootloader allocator, which all allocation goes through. Pool
memory will not be tracked, and so can be overwritten - this means the
args structure and its other structures like programs need to be handled
right away, or copied by the kernel.
- Add bootloader allocator
- Implement a new linked-list based set of pages that act as allocation
registers
- Allow for operator new in the bootloader, which goes through the
global allocator for pool memory
- Split memory map and frame accouting code in the bootloader into
separate memory_map.* files
- Remove many includes that could be replaced by forward declaration in
the bootloader
- Add a new global template type, `counted`, which replaces the
bootloader's `buffer` type, and updated kernel args structure to use it.
- Move bootloader's pointer_manipulation.h to the global include dir
- Make offset_iterator try to return references instead of pointers to
make it more consistent with static array iteration
- Implement a stub atexit() in the bootloader to satisfy clang
The kernel's file header has not been verified for a long time. This
change returns file verification to the bootloader to make sure the ELF
loaded in position 0 is actually the kernel.
The kernel::args namespace is really the protocol for initializing the
kernel from the bootloader. Also, the header struct in that namespace
isn't actually a header, but a collection of parameters. This change
renames the namespace to kernel::init and the struct to args.
More and more places in the kernel init code are taking addresses from
the bootloader and translating them to offset-mapped addresses. The
bootloader can do this, so it should.
This very large commit is mainly focused on getting the APs started and
to a state where they're waiting to have work scheduled. (Actually
scheduling on them is for another commit.)
To do this, a bunch of major changes were needed:
- Moving a lot of the CPU initialization (including for the BSP) to
init_cpu(). This includes setting up IST stacks, writing MSRs, and
creating the cpu_data structure. For the APs, this also creates and
installs the GDT and TSS, and installs the global IDT.
- Creating the AP startup code, which tries to be as position
independent as possible. It's copied from its location to 0x8000 for
AP startup, and some of it is fixed at that address. The AP startup
code jumps from real mode to long mode with paging in one swell foop.
- Adding limited IPI capability to the lapic class. This will need to
improve.
- Renaming cpu/cpu.* to cpu/cpu_id.* because it was just annoying in GDB
and really isn't anything but cpu_id anymore.
- Moved all the GDT, TSS, and IDT code into their own files and made
them classes instead of a mess of free functions.
- Got rid of bsp_cpu_data everywhere. Now always call the new
current_cpu() to get the current CPU's cpu_data.
- Device manager keeps a list of APIC ids now. This should go somewhere
else eventually, device_manager needs to be refactored away.
- Moved some more things (notably the g_kernel_stacks vma) to the
pre-constructor setup in memory_bootstrap. That whole file is in bad
need of a refactor.
This makes the job of the kernel easier when marking module pages as
used in the frame allocator. This will also help when sending modules
over to the init process.
The previous frame allocator involved a lot of splitting and merging
linked lists and lost all information about frames while they were
allocated. The new allocator is based on an array of descriptor
structures and a bitmap. Each memory map region of allocatable memory
becomes one or more descriptors, each mapping up to 1GiB of physical
memory. The descriptors implement two levels of a bitmap tree, and have
a pointer into the large contiguous bitmap to track individual pages.
To enable setting sections as NX or read-only, the boot program loader
now loads programs as lists of sections, and the kernel args are updated
accordingly. The kernel's loader now just takes a program pointer to
iterate the sections. Also enable NX in IA32_EFER in the bootloader.
In order to allow the bootloader to do preliminary CPUID validation
while UEFI is still handling displaying information to the user, split
most of the kernel's CPUID handling into a library to be used by both
kernel and boot.
The UEFI spec specifically calls out memory types with the high bit set
as being available for OS loaders' custom use. However, it seems many
UEFI firmware implementations don't handle this well. (Virtualbox, and
the firmware on my Intel NUC and Dell XPS laptop to name a few.)
So sadly since we can't rely on this feature of UEFI in all cases, we
can't use it at all. Instead, treat _all_ memory tagged as EfiLoaderData
as possibly containing data that's been passed to the OS by the
bootloader and don't free it yet.
This will need to be followed up with a change that copies anything we
need to save and frees this memory.
See: https://github.com/kiznit/rainbow-os/blob/master/boot/machine/efi/README.md
After exiting UEFI, the bootloader had no way of displaying status to
the user. Now it will display a series of small boxes as a progress bar
along the bottom of the screen if a framebuffer exists. Errors or
warnings during a step will cause that step's box to turn red or orange,
and display bars above it to signal the error code.
This caused the simplification of the error handling system (which was
mostly just calling status_line::fail) and added different types of
status objects.
Create a new framebuffer driver. Also hackily passing frame buffer size
in the list of init handles to all processes and mapping the framebuffer
into all processes. Changed bootloader passing frame buffer as a module
to its own struct.
- Add a tag field to all endpoint messages, which doubles as a
notification field
- Add a endpoint_bind_irq syscall to enable an endpoint to listen for
interrupt notifications. This mechanism needs to change.
- Add a temporary copy of the serial port code to nulldrv, and let it
take responsibility for COM2
Remove ELF and initrd loading from the kernel. The bootloader now loads
the initial programs, as it does with the kernel. Other files that were
in the initrd are now on the ESP, and non-program files are just passed
as modules.
There were a few lingering bugs due to places where 510/511 were
hard-coded as the kernel-space PML4 entries. These are now constants
defined in kernel_memory.h instead.
Tags: boot memory paging
* When using the non-allocating version of `get_uefi_mappings` the
length was not getting set. Reworked this function.
* Having `build_kernel_mem_map` from `bootloader_main_uefi` caused it to
get an out of date map key. Moved this function into `efi_main` right
before exiting boot services.
Set up initial page tables for both the offset-mapped area and the
loaded kernel code and data.
* Got rid of the `loaded_elf` struct - the loader now runs after the
initial PML4 is created and maps the ELF sections itself.
* Copied in the `page_table` and `page_table_indices` from the kernel,
still need to clean this up and extract it into shared code.
* Added `page_table_cache` to the kernel args to pass along free pages
that can be used for initial page tables.
Tags: paging
The `build_kernel_mem_map` function now calls `get_uefi_mappings`
itself, instead of having the efi map passed in. `get_uefi_mappings`
also now takes a `bool allocate` to direct it to actually allocate
the map or not. If it doesn't, it instead just returns the size of
the map and the metadata - which `build_kernel_mem_map` uses to decide
how much space to first allocate for the kernel's map.
Exiting boot services can't actually be done from inside
`bootloader_uefi_main`, because there are objects in that scope that run
code requiring boot services in their destructors.
Also added `support.cpp` with `memcpy` because clang will emit
references to `memcpy` even in freestanding mode.
Added a `debug_break` function to allow for faking breakpoints when
connecting to the bootloader with GDB.
Tags: debug
The `get_mappings()` function was getting too large, and some of its
output is needed by more than just the building of the kernel map. Split
it out into two.
Tags: boot memory
- The old kernel_args structure is now mostly represented as a series of
'modules' or memory ranges, tagged with a type. An arbitrary number
can be passed to the kernel
- Update bootloader to allocate space for the args header and 10 module
descriptors
Removed the frame allocation logic from page_manager and replaced it
with using an instance of frame_allocator instead. This had several
major ripple effects:
- memory_initalize() had to change to support this new world
- Where to map used blocks is now passed as a flag, since blocks don't
track their virtual address anymore
- Instead of the complicated "find N contiguous pages that can be
mapped in with one page table", we now just have the bootloader give
us some (currently 64) pages to use both for tables and scratch
space.
- frame_allocator initialization was split into two steps to allow
mapping used blocks before std::move()ing them over
