[libc] Add enough stubs to support new LLVM 16 sysroot

time.h and wctype.h had "#error not yet implemented" in them. Now time.h is correct (though the functions
are only declared), and wctype.h exists enough to define its types. Also a dlsym stub was added that just
returns 0.

src/libraries/libc/stdlib/dlmalloc.cpp

@@ -5420,6 +5420,8 @@ void* dlrealloc_in_place(void* oldmem, size_t bytes) {
     return mem;
 }
 
+void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size) { return dlmemalign(alignment, size); }
+
 void* dlmemalign(size_t alignment, size_t bytes) {
     if (alignment <= MALLOC_ALIGNMENT) {
         return dlmalloc(bytes);