[kernel] Delete processes & threads only via refcounts

Previously processes and threads would be deleted by the scheduler. Now,
only delete them based on refcounts - this allows joining an
already-exited thread, for instance.

src/kernel/capabilities.cpp

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ cap_table::derive(j6_handle_t base, j6_cap_t caps)
 capability *
 cap_table::find_without_retain(j6_handle_t id)
 {
+    util::scoped_lock lock {m_lock};
     return m_caps.find(id);
 }
 

src/kernel/objects/process.cpp

@@ -60,9 +60,10 @@ process::exit(int32_t code)
 
     util::scoped_lock lock {m_threads_lock};
     for (auto *thread : m_threads) {
-        if (thread != &current)
+        if (thread != &current) {
             thread->exit();
         }
+    }
 
     lock.release();
     if (&current.parent() == this)
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ process::create_thread(uintptr_t rsp3, uint8_t priority)
 
     thread *th = new thread(*this, priority);
     kassert(th, "Failed to create thread!");
+    th->handle_retain();
 
     if (rsp3)
         th->tcb()->rsp3 = rsp3;
@@ -91,23 +93,25 @@ process::create_thread(uintptr_t rsp3, uint8_t priority)
     return th;
 }
 
-bool
+void
 process::thread_exited(thread *th)
 {
-    util::scoped_lock lock {m_threads_lock};
-
     kassert(&th->m_parent == this, "Process got thread_exited for non-child!");
+
+    if (m_state != state::exited) {
+        // if we're already going away, just release
+        // the thread's handle and skip all this
+        util::scoped_lock lock {m_threads_lock};
         m_threads.remove_swap(th);
-    remove_handle(th->self_handle());
-    delete th;
 
         // TODO: delete the thread's stack VMA
-    if (m_threads.empty() && m_state != state::exited) {
+        if (m_threads.empty()) {
+            lock.release();
             exit(-1);
-        return true;
+        }
     }
 
-    return false;
+    th->handle_release();
 }
 
 void

src/kernel/objects/process.h

@@ -75,11 +75,7 @@ public:
 
     /// Inform the process of an exited thread
     /// \args th  The thread which has exited
-    /// \returns  True if this thread ending has ended the process
+    void thread_exited(thread *th);
-    bool thread_exited(thread *th);
-
-    /// Get the handle for this process to refer to itself
-    inline j6_handle_t self_handle() const { return m_self_handle; }
 
     /// Get the process object that owns kernel threads and the
     /// kernel address space

src/kernel/objects/thread.cpp

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ thread::thread(process &parent, uint8_t pri, uintptr_t rsp0) :
     m_wake_value   {0},
     m_wake_timeout {0}
 {
+    parent.handle_retain();
     parent.space().initialize_tcb(m_tcb);
     m_tcb.priority = pri;
     m_tcb.thread = this;
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ thread::thread(process &parent, uint8_t pri, uintptr_t rsp0) :
 thread::~thread()
 {
     g_kernel_stacks.return_section(m_tcb.kernel_stack);
+    m_parent.handle_release();
 }
 
 thread & thread::current() { return *current_cpu().thread; }
@@ -99,6 +101,7 @@ thread::exit()
 {
     m_wake_timeout = 0;
     set_state(state::exited);
+    m_parent.thread_exited(this);
     m_join_queue.clear();
     block();
 }

src/kernel/objects/thread.h

@@ -170,11 +170,6 @@ public:
     /// \arg rsp    The existing stack for the idle thread
     static thread * create_idle_thread(process &kernel, uintptr_t rsp);
 
-protected:
-    /// Don't delete a thread on no handles, the scheduler takes
-    /// care of that.
-    virtual void on_no_handles() override {}
-
 private:
     thread() = delete;
     thread(const thread &other) = delete;

src/kernel/scheduler.cpp

@@ -111,6 +111,9 @@ scheduler::add_thread(TCB *t)
     run_queue &queue = m_run_queues[cpu->index];
     util::scoped_lock lock {queue.lock};
 
+    obj::thread *th = t->thread;
+    th->handle_retain();
+
     t->cpu = cpu;
     t->time_left = quantum(t->priority);
     queue.blocked.push_back(static_cast<tcb_node*>(t));
@@ -147,12 +150,7 @@ scheduler::prune(run_queue &queue, uint64_t now)
             if (current) continue;
 
             queue.blocked.remove(remove);
-            process &p = th->parent();
+            th->handle_release();
-
-            // thread_exited deletes the thread, and returns true if the process
-            // should also now be deleted
-            if(!current && p.thread_exited(th))
-                delete &p;
         } else {
             queue.blocked.remove(remove);
             log::spam(logs::sched, "Prune: readying unblocked thread %llx", th->koid());